Course Descriptions

ENST 496 - Individual Study

ENST 497 - Honors

ENST 498 - Special Topics

ENST 499 - Seminar

ETS 296 - Individual Study

ETS 298 - Special Topics

ETS 299 - Seminar

ETS 325 - Race/Ethnicity, Class and Gender in Education

• Interpret and employ key elements of intersectionality theory in regards to educational issues centering on race/ethnicity, class and gender. 
• Define, summarize, and analyze historical issues and concerns facing American Education with regard to race, class, and gender.
• Understand and apply theoretical models of education such as cultural capital and habitus as related to race/ethnicity, class, and gender.
• Analyze and interpret the current issues confronting education and how issues of intersectionality (race, class, and gender), are demonstrated in these issues.
• Understand, operationalize, and employ theoretical concepts from social reproduction and intersectionality theory.

ETS 339 - Muslims and Muslim Americans

• Define, analyze, and summarize the history and geographic and ideological diversity of Muslim communities across the globe. 
• Demonstrate a capacity to analyze the forces that created the ideological diversity and compare and contrast these ideologies.
• Define, analyze, and summarize the history and evolution of Muslim communities within the United States.
• Demonstrate a capacity to analyze the forces that contributed to the formation of Muslim communities in America (through immigration) as well as the emergence of Black Muslims.
• Define, analyze and summarize the nature of Muslim immigrant diversity as well as the social, political and economic issues confronting Muslim communities in America.

ETS 350 - Survey of Chicano Studies (Put on Reserve 9/16/16.)

• Demonstrate an understanding of the social science concepts relevant to understanding the social system within the United States.
• Examine the social and political development of Mexican American in a historical and contemporary context to understand their quest for equality.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the role that ethnic and political goals play in the development of Chicano/a and Latino/a politics.
• Develop analytical skills and communicate key information in comprehending, writing, and discussing the social development of Chicano/as and Latino/as in the U.S.
• Develop knowledge regarding the contemporary issues faced by Latino/as, Chicano/as.

ETS 354 - Minority Experiences

• Recognize the main points in minority-white relationships.
• Recognize the historical legacy of racism.
• Compare white Americans, African Americans, Native Americans, Asian Americans and Latino Americans regarding socio-economic characteristics and power.
• Identify the basic questions and issues in the area; of race and ethnicity.
• Identify the specific policy implications of theoretical and practical research in the area.
• Have the opportunity to develop critical thinking skills.

ETS 396 - Individual Study

ETS 397 - Honors

ETS 398 - Special Topics

ETS 399 - Seminar

ETS 446 - Sociology of Immigration

• Identify the various factors (economic, social, political) affecting immigration to America in the modern age (post-1965).
• Identify the unique factors that compelled varying ethnic/racial and religious groups to immigrate to America.
• Identify how the sociological perspective addresses the issue of immigration in modern America.

ETS 490 - Contracted Field Experience

ETS 491 - Workshop

ETS 496 - Individual Study

ETS 497 - Honors

ETS 498 - Special Topics

ETS 499 - Seminar

EXSC 154 - Science of Healthy Living

• Describe and explain how changes in physical and intellectual activity affect an individual’s health.
• Describe how current hypotheses involving healthy living are generated and tested.
• Collect and analyze data collected in laboratory sessions (body composition, aerobic capacity, blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids, heart rate response, cognition, strength, and balance).
• Apply the results from data analysis to a person’s current health status and provide feedback on healthy changes a person could adopt to enhance health.
• Analyze and critique claims of published research as they pertain to health problems by critiquing scientific articles.

EXSC 254 - Foundations of Fitness

EXSC 298 - Special Topics

EXSC 299 - Seminar

EXSC 318 - Aerobic Fitness (Put on reserve 9/16/18)

• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiological and mechanical understanding of the body relative to specific aerobic activity.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the scientific principles of aerobic training.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the ways to modify aerobic exercise to meet the specific needs of the clients.

EXSC 350 - Gross Anatomy

• Demonstrate knowledge of the skeletal and muscular systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the neural and endocrine systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the circulatory and respiratory systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems of the human body.

EXSC 350LAB - Gross Anatomy Laboratory

• Identify the gross anatomy of the nervous and endocrine systems of the human body.
• Identify bones and landmarks on the bones of the skeletal system.
• Identify muscles of the human body.
• Identify the gross anatomy of the circulatory and respiratory systems.
• Identify the gross anatomy of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems of the human body.

EXSC 351 - Physiology

• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology of the neural and endocrine systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology of the muscular and skeletal systems of the human body.

EXSC 351LAB - Physiology Laboratory

• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology neural and endocrine systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems of the human body.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology muscular and skeletal systems of the human body.

EXSC 352 - Assessment and Treatment of Athletic Injuries

• Demonstrate knowledge of the process of injury prevention.
• Demonstrate knowledge of how to handle emergency situations.
• Demonstrate knowledge of injury recognition and assessment of common injuries.
• Demonstrate knowledge of basic protective taping techniques.
• Demonstrate knowledge of treating various athletic injuries.

EXSC 353 - Physical and Orthopedic Assessment

• Demonstrate knowledge of different diagnostic tests.
• Discriminate among the various assessment procedure(s) for a given diagnosis.
• Prepare an action plan resulting from a confirmed diagnosis.

EXSC 370 - Biomechanics

EXSC 371 - Movement Analysis

• Demonstrate knowledge of appropriate terminology used for movement analysis and understand the mechanical principles of human movements.
• Identify general movement patterns for bipedal gait.
• Understand and be able to apply biomechanical principles to various joint actions.
• Use biomechanical principles to evaluate human movement performance.
• Synthesize concepts of human movement analysis in order to improve human movement performance.

EXSC 396 - Individual Study

EXSC 397 - Honors

EXSC 398 - Special Topics

EXSC 399 - Seminar

EXSC 438 - Therapeutic Exercise

• Summarize knowledge of anatomical basis for neuromuscular functioning and dysfunction
• Differentiate between congenital, aging-oriented, and injury generated neuromuscular dysfunctions
• Analyze specific neuromuscular dysfunctions and determine type of therapeutic rehabilitative exercises that are appropriate
• Justify specific components of rehabilitative exercise protocols for given NM dysfunctions

EXSC 446 - Sports Nutrition

• Identify energy systems utilized during physical activity.
• Demonstrate knowledge related to macronutrient, micronutrient, and fluid requirements based on type of physical activity.
• Demonstrate how to locate, interpret, evaluate and use professional literature to make ethical evidence-based practice decisions.
• Identify the relationship between dietary intake and exercise performance.
• Identify proposed mechanisms and theories behind various popular ergogenic aids.

EXSC 450 - Physiology of Exercise

• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiologic and morphologic components that govern human function and structure at rest and during exercise.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the impact of training status and gender on the physiologic responses to exercise.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiologic adaptations to regular, systemic imposition of exercise stress.

EXSC 450LAB - Physiology of Exercise Laboratory

• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiologic and morphologic components that govern human function and structure at rest and exercise.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the impact of training status and gender on the physiologic responses to exercise.
• Demonstrate knowledge of the physiologic adaptations to regular, systemic imposition of exercise stress.
• Experience data collection, analysis, and interpretation of physiologic responses to exercise.

EXSC 452 - Therapeutic Modalities

• Summarize physical principles that underpin modality functioning
• Outline the chemical principles that underpin modality functioning
• Analyze specific injury scenarios and determine type and magnitude of tissue trauma
• Justify specific treatment modality selections and generate treatment protocols for specific trauma scenarios

EXSC 455 - Fitness Assessment and Exercise Prescription

• Identify the major components of physical fitness and explain the importance of each component.
• Identify the risks associated with exercise and demonstrate knowledge of risk stratification.
• Assess cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility and body composition.
• Interpret the results of fitness assessments.
• Demonstrate knowledge of designing comprehensive fitness programs.

EXSC 455LAB - Fitness Assessment and Exercise Prescription Laboratory

• Identify the major components of physical fitness and explain the importance of each component.
• Identify the risks associated with exercise and demonstrate knowledge of risk stratification.
• Accurately assess cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility and body composition.
• Interpret the results of fitness assessments.
• Demonstrate knowledge of designing comprehensive fitness programs.

EXSC 456 - Clinical Physiology

• Evaluate principles of exercise prescription for a variety of clinical populations.
• Design an exercise prescription based on raw data collected from various exercise tests.
• Summarize and evaluate and apply the ACSM screening and cardiovascular risk stratification protocol.
• Evaluate and respond to emergency situations that may develop during an exercise session involving high-risk clients.

EXSC 457 - Exercise Adherence Strategies (Put on reserve 9/16/18)

EXSC 461 - Professionalism in Exercise Science (Put on reserve 9/16/18)

• Demonstrate knowledge of the fitness career path.
• Demonstrate knowledge of professionalism in the Exercise Science field.
• Demonstrate knowledge of resume writing and professional certifications.

EXSC 463 - Pediatric Issues in Exercise Science (Put on Reserve 9/16/16.)

EXSC 464 - Management of Fitness Facilities and Programs (Put on reserve 9/16/18)

• Demonstrate an understanding of the industry and underlying principles of managing and operating health fitness facilities.
• Demonstrate an understanding of sales and marketing, member management, service desk management, program management, profit centers, personnel management, and equipment issues.
• Demonstrate an understanding of health and safety standards; maintenance; finance; compensation; and legal, insurance, and computer issues.
• Demonstrate an understanding of the process of evaluating facilities, personnel, programs, marketing, and finances.

EXSC 470 - Clinical Biomechanics

• Demonstrate an understanding of mechanical principles.
• Apply concepts to novel situations.
• Demonstrate an increased ability to read and interpret scientific literature.
• Apply the concepts of movement mechanics to clinical patient functioning.
• Apply their knowledge of the scientific methods to answer research questions in clinical mechanics.

EXSC 471 - Sports Biomechanics

• Demonstrate an understanding of mechanical principles.
• Apply concepts to novel situations.
• Demonstrate an increased ability to read and interpret scientific literature.
• Apply the concepts of movement mechanics to sports performance.
• Apply their knowledge of the scientific methods to answer research questions in sports mechanics.

EXSC 480 - Science of Resistance Exercise

• Demonstrate knowledge of the scientific principles that govern resistance training.
• Demonstrate the ability to teach proper advanced lifting techniques for resistance training.

EXSC 490 - Cooperative Education

EXSC 491 - Workshop

EXSC 493 - Clinical Field Experience

• Relate clinical symptoms and conditions to a variety of disorders.
• Prepare an action plan resulting from a confirmed diagnosis.
• Predict the outcome of a sequential treatment plan.

 Learner Outcomes Approval Date:
1/7/2016

EXSC 495A - Practicum: Fitness Centers/Clubs

EXSC 495B - Practicum: Clinical

EXSC 495C - Practicum: Management

EXSC 495D - Practicum: Laboratory Assessment

EXSC 496 - Individual Study

EXSC 497 - Honors

EXSC 498 - Special Topics

EXSC 499 - Seminar

FCL 101 - Skills for Marriage and Intimate Relationships

Provides an overview of romantic relationship dynamics and common issues in relationships from inception to dissolution. Students learn strategies for their own relationships and skills to work in relationship education. Formerly FS 101, students may not receive credit for both. Course will be offered every year (Fall, Winter, Spring, Summer).

Credits: (4)

Learner Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:

• Describe antecedents, consequences, and intervention for common romantic relationship issues based on theory and empirical research.
• Articulate how contemporary societal values and issues underlie romantic relationship processes.
• Analyze romantic relationship processes within the contexts in which they take place using Ecological Systems Theory and empirical literature.
• Analyze romantic relationship processes using Family Systems Theory and the Investment Model of Commitment.
• Summarize historical and contemporary variations in romantic relationship formation, dynamics, and termination and changes in individuals’ behaviors within relationships over time.
• Summarize key findings from empirical articles about romantic relationship dynamics, and critique research methods in relationship science.

FCL 232 - Child Development

• Use knowledge of bow children develop and learn to provide opportunities that support the physical social, emotional language, cognitive, and aesthetic development of all young children from birth through age eight. (WA ECE Standard Kl .1 & S1.1) (NAEYC Guideline l.l)(CTL Standard 1.1)
• Use knowledge of bow young children differ in their development and approaches to learning to support the development and learning of individual children. (WA ECE Standard K.1.2 & S 1.2) (NAEYC Guideline 1.2) (CTL Standard 1.1)
• Apply knowledge of cultural and linguistic diversity and the significance of socio-cultural and political contexts for development and learning, and recognize that children are best understood in the contexts of family culture, and society. (WA ECE Standard 1.4) (NAEYC Guideline 1.3) (CTL Standard 1.8, I. 11)
• Use informal and formal assessment strategies to plan and individualize curriculum and teaching practices. (WA ECE Standard 4.1 & S 4.1) (NAEYC Guideline 4.1) (CTL Standard 1.2, 1.3)
• Actively seek out opportunities to grow professionally by locating and using appropriate professional literature, organizations, resources, and experiences to inform and improve practices. (WA ECE St. K5.5 & S5.5) (NAEYC Guideline 5.5) (CTL Standard 1.3)
• Observe and participate under supervision of qualified professionals in a variety of settings in which young children, from birth through age eight, are served (such as public and private centers, schools, and community agencies). (WA ECE K6.1) (NAEYC Guideline 6.1) (CTL Standard 1. 7 1.8, 1.11)

FCL 234 - Contemporary Families

• Understand the nature of intimate personal relationships, in their various forms, and within the context of the social, familial, and cultural factors that affect the development and maintenance of these relationships.
• Examine the events that occur throughout the life cycle of the intimate relationship, including dating and mate selection, cohabitation, marriage, transition to parenthood, child rearing, divorce, and remarriage.
• Evaluate intimate relationships and consider role choice in interpersonal relationships.
• Understand the determinant of personal decision making in intimate relationships.

FCL 235 - Relationships and Personal Development

• Understand the development of intimate relationships
• Evaluate the use of effective and ineffective interpersonal communication.
• Demonstrate an ability to show empathy, own feelings and properly paraphrase
• Understand and be able to practice skills in conflict resolution

FCL 298 - Special Topics

FCL 299 - Seminar

FCL 305 - Junior Seminar (Put on Reserve 9/16/16.)

• Demonstrate skills in interviewing and resume writing.
• Demonstrate principles of effective professional networking.
• Demonstrate the requirements for professional certification with the National Council on Family Relations.
• Demonstrate the ties between their academic preparation and field experiences.

FCL 310 - Family Issues in the 21st Century

• Identify salient family issues, and their impact on families.
• Articulate conservative, liberal reactionary and radical political viewpoints and their relationship to economics and family issues.
• Articulate arguments both in favor and opposed to several positions on family issues.
• Understand what theoretical perspectives and value systems accompany arguments about family issues
• Articulate the various ways of knowing, and cite the salient knowledge source in several family issue arguments.

FCL 320 - Theories of Family Dynamics

• Demonstrate an understanding of the nature of theory and its role in the scientific process.
• Describe the fundamental assumptions and specific constructs from relevant family theories.
• Apply the major theoretical orientations to family phenomena.
• Analyze family functioning from various theoretical perspectives.
• Address family change and crisis using a family systems perspective.

FCL 333 - Culture and Marriage

• Examine the plurality of marriages and families and explore the changes that have taken place.
• Evaluate how culture shapes marriage and other family and social arrangements.
• Compare the structure and function of families, dating, courtship, marital choice, kinship, cross-cultural and minority families, changing gender roles, demographic trends, historical issues, work-family relationships and societal relations across cultures.
• Relate theory and research to the understanding of marriage across cultures.

FCL 334 - Family Problems and Mediation

• Identify contemporary stressors and family problems.
• Articulate the distinction between normative and non-normative events in family life.
• Demonstrate an understanding of concepts, selected theories, and research concerning family stress, coping, and social support.
• Apply the ABC-X model of family stress to normative and non-normative stressor events.
• Demonstrate a basic understanding of the strategies families use when adapting to crisis situations.
• Match intervention strategies with the nature of the crisis event, family dynamics, family strengths, and current family circumstances.

FCL 335 - Divorce and Remarriage

• Understand the development consequences of divorce throughout the life cycle.
• Identify prevention strategies and policies dealing with divorce.
• Understand the key processes underlying the antecedents and trends of divorce.
• Evaluate critically the role and impact that divorce has on contemporary society.
• Examine the history of marriage and divorce.

FCL 336 - Parent Education and Guidance

• Describe principles of effective parenting across child development.
• Interpret parenting practices in the context of culture.
• Compile resources for parents of diverse backgrounds.
• Design a parenting education curriculum.
• Evaluate the efficacy of existing parenting education programs.

FCL 337 - Human Sexuality

• Demonstrate comfort examining and discussing aspects of human sexuality
• Examine current factual information on human sexuality
• Define their own philosophy of sexual behavior
• Describe the functioning of male and female sexual systems as they relate to reproduction, sexual expression, and sex role
• Identify major contraceptives, their effectiveness, and side effects
• Explore past and present attitudes and cultural variations in sexual behavior
• Identify ways to prevent and treat STD and HIV infections
• Identify laws related to sexual behavior, sexual harassment, and sexual violence

FCL 339 - Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood

• Describe physical, cognitive and social-emotional development in adolescence and emerging adulthood
• Identify the major cultural an demographic shifts that have contributed to the development of the emerging adulthood period
• Synthesize the variations in adolescent and emerging adult development based on culture, race/ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation
• Design interventions for adolescents or emerging adults based on theory and empirical sources
• Assess adolescent and emerging adulthood development using developmental and ecological systems theories

FCL 344 - Foundations of Marriage and Family Therapy

• Describe the core assumptions of Family Systems Theory and how they apply to the practice of MFT.
• Explain the similarities and differences among MFT models of therapy.
• Identify personal identities, experiences, and assumptions, and describe how these might influence work with clients who are similar and different.
• Demonstrate basic skills and interventions used in the MFT profession.
• Discuss the ethical, clinical, and legal complexities when working with children in a systemic framework.
• Develop a basic personal theory of change in counseling.

FCL 355 - Family Financial Counseling

• Identify appropriate financial resources for individuals and families
• Explain effective cash flow management strategies
• Identify debt management strategies and consumer protection laws
• Utilize financial counseling strategies to motivate clients to change negative behaviors and/or adopt positive behaviors
• Utilize advanced communication and counseling skills in financial counseling or planning situations

FCL 396 - Individual Study

FCL 397 - Honors

FCL 398 - Special Topics

FCL 399 - Seminar

FCL 403 - Family Communication

• Attain a consistent communication focus in viewing and understanding family life.
• Demonstrate the utility of applying theoretical frameworks to questions about family communication.
• Demonstrate an ability to apply critical thinking to contemporary family forms and functions.
• Identify dysfunctional family patterns and their root causes.
• Articulate the importance of family communication rituals.
• Identify the role of communication for coping with stressors and mediating conflict.

FCL 405 - Professional Obligations and Responsibilities

• Describe the legal and ethical considerations that inform their practice, including medical ethics.
• Evaluate their own professional biases and areas of professional growth.
• Demonstrate skills in legal testimony.
• Assess hypothetical ethical and legal situations and justify plans of action.
• Prepare legal documents to use in their practice.
• Analyze the process by which regulatory agencies enact rules that govern their professions.

FCL 414 - Coping with Grief and Loss

• Describe developmental and cultural variations in the expression of grief and implications for interventions.
• Evaluate contemporary theories of grief and loss using developmental and cultural lenses.
• Assess grief responses, including complicated mourning and risk for pathological responses.
• Design loss and grief interventions for clients of various developmental ages and cultural backgrounds.
• Analyze personal assumptions, biases, attitudes, and reactions to loss and grief, and how they might influence interactions with grieving children and adults.

FCL 415 - Therapeutic Play

• Synthesize the core assumptions of classical and contemporary theories of play.
• Summarize typical changes in play across child development.
• Formulate considerations for use of play with children in special populations.
• Design play interventions for children of various ages and in many contexts.
• Demonstrate skills to facilitate play for assessment and intervention purposes.
• Demonstrate skills to engage the family system in therapeutic play.

FCL 416 - Child Life I: Child Life Scope of Practice

• Demonstrate a clear understanding of Child Life professional standards and the process of certification including the Code of Ethical Responsibility, Child Life Competencies, and the Standards of Clinical Practice.
• Communicate an in-depth understanding of the history and scope of Child Life practice and the foundation of evidence-based practice.
• Identify the potential impact of hospitalization and stress at various developmental stages, and integrate family-centered care principles in identifying appropriate support.
• Use assessment skills to plan advocacy and coping interventions specific to work with children experiencing medical stress and/or trauma.
• Summarize ethical issues in child life and evaluate guidelines for practice when faced with ethical dilemmas. 

FCL 417 - Pediatric Diagnoses and Medical Terminology

• Describe common childhood diseases, disorders, and treatment protocols using medical terminology.
• Identify childhood diseases and disorders and the impact they have on children and their families
• Interpret and draft hospital documentation.
• Prepare step-by-step coping plans to support children and families with common childhood diseases.
• Synthesize current research related to child life and childhood diseases and summarize how it informs child life practice.

FCL 418 - Child Life II: Impact of Child Hospitalization

• Discuss principles of communication, advocacy, helping skills, and interdisciplinary and therapeutic relationship formation in a hospital setting. 
• Describe the impact of chronic and acute pain on pediatric patient. 
• Demonstrate appropriate support and intervention strategies for children and families including relaxation, comfort positioning, guided imagery, and pain management techniques.
• Demonstrate culturally competent care in a hospital setting. 
• Describe principles of program administration and supervision in child life.
• Apply formal and informal assessment techniques to determine developmental and emotional state. Students will be able to adapt approaches, resources, and support to audience need.

FCL 419 - Research in Family and Child Life

• Explain the importance of research in the scientific process and the benefits to the human condition
• Apply principles of research methods in social sciences, including: sampling, design, measurement, ethics, and basic statistics
• Evaluate causality using principles of causal inference and statistical interpretation
• Conceptualize, design, and conduct a research study
• Manage data, perform data analysis, and interpret results, with assistance
• Prepare and effectively deliver a research presentation

FCL 432 - Theories in Child Development

FCL 433 - Family Life Education

• Define FLE, where it is practiced, and the major issues in FLE.
• Explain the content areas involved in becoming a Certified Family Life Educator (CFLE) as determined by the National Council on Family Relations (NCFR)
• Assess CWU and Ellensburg community needs.
• Identify and explain one family life issue that meets a family life education need.
• Evaluate a family life education curriculum for children or youth.

FCL 434 - Diversity in Families

• Synthesize research about diverse family structures, backgrounds, and circumstances.
• Communicate and collaborate effectively with families.
• Demonstrate skills to support families of children with disabilities.
• Demonstrate skills needed to promote strong parent-child attachment and interactions.
• Identify services and supports specific to diverse families’ goals.
• Assess risk factors such as poverty, addiction, and violence.

FCL 435 - Family Gerontology

• Discuss societal attitudes of discrimination toward the elderly.
• Evaluate issues in interpersonal relationships related to aging.
• Identify issues, regulations, and services impacting the elderly.
• Explain the typical physical, psychological, and social changes in later life.
• Reflect on their personal feelings toward aging and working with older adults and their families.

FCL 438 - Attachment Theory and Practice

• Describe the core assumptions of attachment theory.
• Describe the impact of separation, loss, abuse, and neglect on children’s development and attachment formation.  
• Synthesize the empirical evidence regarding attachment formation and intervention to enhance attachment.
• Assess parents’ and children’s attachment strategies from an attachment theory lens.
• Evaluate existing attachment-based interventions using empirical evidence and theory.
• propose policy changes based on attachment theory and research.  

FCL 439 - Families and Public Policy

• Analyze the process by which policy is formulated and implemented.
• Identify public policy issues relating to families at local, state, and federal levels.
• Formulate and articulate ideas for changing policy to meet family needs and improve family well-being.
• Advocate policy changes to policy makers as participants in the political process.